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That's called cross-over service. I discourage anyone from buying coins in one service pending "crossover" to PCGS (or NGC) due to the statistics don't justify the expense. There is a minimum of thirty days, and only a small percentage of coins cross. Therefore, it's better to wait for a coin in the holder of your choice. Having said that, I still advocate "buy the coin, not the holder." The coins I sell that are PCGS, NGC and ANACS certified, are nice, high-quality coins for the grade. If I feel a coin has been misrepresented, I will not sell it.

The answer is complex. Generally, coin prices are determined by:

• Supply and Demand

• The population at the different grading services

Generally, PCGS grades very few MS and Proof 70's, while NGC will more frequently, hence the difference in price.

I price my coins based on cost and fair market value. In many series and grades, these prices are identical. When collectors compete for prime PCGS-graded sets, the PCGS Registry has skewed the prices of their coins.

Copper coin designations are BN (brown), RB (red-brown) and RD (red) by the grading services. RD is the most desirable followed by RB. Still, it's more complex than that. Because the planchet color is generally even and stable, some collectors prefer brown colored copper coins. Red coins can turn towards RB and BN.

In 1943, because the U.S. government needed copper for bombs and ammunition for WWII, all U.S. cents were made from steel.

Most of the few rare pennies that were mistakenly produced in copper are accounted for. You can verify if you have a steel penny that looks like it's copper, due to a coating by using a magnet. A steel coin will stick to the magnet, a copper coin won't. The value of an average steel penny is approximately fifteen cents.

It's as basic as what PCGS and NGC use to call the same designation. PCGS uses DCAM (Deep Cameo surfaces): strong frosted devices (the raised parts of the coin design) against deeply mirrored, clear fields. NGC calls the same designation UCAM (Ultra Cameo). Likewise, ANACS uses the UDCAM (Ultra-Deep cameo), etc. They all refer to the same depth of mirror and contrast. A CAM designation by itself suggests a partial effect, seen more in earlier proof coinage.

Coins labeled with a CAC sticker meet the premium quality standards set by the independent, well-respected professional numismatists at Collectors Acceptance Corporation. The popularity of CAC-verified coins continues to expand their acceptance and do well at auction compared to those without CAC verification. The service bestows an extra degree of confidence that many online buyers appreciate. It never hurts to get other professional opinions before you purchase rare coins. For more information,

visit https://caccoin.com.

The answer depends on several factors:

• the country of origin

• denomination

• year of production(minting)

• the Mint facility where the coin was struck

• the condition and survivorship of similar coins

Demand is also a big factor as well. Your best bet is to pick up a copy of the industry-standard reference: "The Official Red Book:

A Guide Book of U.S. Coins." It will answer most of your questions. You are welcome to contact me with the description and images of your coins.